Electric-lamp outfit



May 1927 R. D. MAILEY ELECTRIC LAMP OUTFIT Filed July 20. 1922H/SATTORA/EY Patented May 24, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROY D. MAILEY, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO COOPER EEWTTTELEC- TRIO COMPANY, OF HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC-LAMP OUTFIT.

Application filed July 20, 1922. Serial No. 576,256.

.. The present invention relates to electric light radiating outfitsuseful in the arts generally and particularly in the therapeutic artwhere diseases are treated by radiations from a light source giving ofiultra violet rays. The object of the presentinvention is to provide asimple form of light source such, for instance, as a lamp 'burnercomprising a uartz container, a solid anode and a liqui cathode, andcooling devices for the lam so arranged that the control of heat transer' from the burner is had at either the positive electrode or thenegative electrode, and preferably at the negative electrode'wherebystableoperation of the lamp is secured over wide voltage ranges, makingit possible for practitioners in the therapeutic art, for example, toobtain and use radiations from such outfits where the volts per inch ofarc column are low or are high, within the limits of the lamp or are atan intermediate value, as desired for the particular case in hand.'

By virtue of the present invention, it is 2 possible to supply to thetrade a minimum number of types of lamp, say one or two, which will fillthe demands of the trade and permit the operator to work his lamps at avolts per inch which experience shows is the best for the purpose inhand, and also permits him to readily adjust the lamp to a differentvolt ampere characteristic w ich he wishes to use for another purpose.

By way of illustration I have shown in the accompanying drawings a lampoutfit of the artificially cooled type in which Figure 1 is a verticalsection of such an outfit showing means, such as an adjustable sleeve,at the negative electrode for continuously varying the amount of heattransfer from the burner to the cooling circulating medium; and Figure 2is a plan view on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 showing a bifurcatedcushioning spring for supporting or aiding in support of the lamp tubein the outfit.

In the drawings, 1 is a mercury vapor lamp having a solid anode, 2, oftungsten or other suitable material and a negative electrode, 3, ofmercury. The usual lead-in devices for the electrodes are shown at 4 and5, respectively. As the lamp is usually started into operation bytilting, the lead wire, 5, is formed into a flat spiral as shown at 6,the rim of the spiral extending into close proximity with the walls ofthe tube 1,

' tion, 8, which serves to hold the are at this point on the electrodeand prevent the wandering of the are spot over the surface thereof.

The lamp, 1, is mounted in a housing, 9,

having a removable top cap, 10, and a removable bottom, 11. Coolingchambers, 12 and 13, surround the lamp, 1, inside the jacket, 9, theinner walls of the jacket, 12, extending into contact with or into closeproximity to the wall of the lamp in the neighborhood of the anode 2,and the extension or lower portion 13 being in close proximity to thewall of the lamp in the neighborhood of the electrode 3; Interposedbetween the outer wall in the neighborhood of the'electrode, 3, and theinner wall of the cooling portion, 13, is a sleeve, 14, screw threaded,if desired, which is adjustable along the length of the portion, 13,forcontrolling the transfer of heat from the-electrode, 3, to thechamber, 13. The sleeve, 14,

may be of good heat transferring material such as iron, or may be ofpoor heat translatmg material such as bakelite, and by screwing the saidsleeve inwardly or outwardly, the rate of heat transfer ma 'be adjustedto the pointdesired, as wi be understood. Inlet andoutlet pipes for thecooling medium which may be air, water or other suitable medium areshown at 15 and 16 respectively, the inlet pipe, in this. instance,being brought down to the portion, 13, of the cooling chambers. Quartzlenses, 17 and 18, are mounted in the walls of the lamp -by means of ascrew-threaded retaining housing therefor indicated at 19, a passageway,20, being provided in the housing for circulation of the cooling mediumbetween the plates from the portion, 13, to the portion, 12, of the.cooling chambers. Suitable leading-in conductor devices for connectingthe lamp across the terminals of a suitable sourceaof electric currentare indicated at 21 and 22, and insulated from the container walls asindicated at 23. The conductor 21 is provided with a flexible conductingmember 24 clamped thereto as shown at 25 the other end of the memberwired on the container 1 as shown at 32,

and the lead wire 5 being joined to the strip 31 as indicated at 33. Themember 29 may be a flexible lead wire or it may be of rigid materialcapable of supporting the lamp 1 in position in the housing 9. Ifdesired, a spring cushion member 34 may be mounted on the bottom piece,11, and clamped as shown at 35 to an insulating plate 36 resting on theremovable bottom. The spring 34 is preferably bifurcated, and the spacedmembers thereof are in contact with the bottom of the lamp 1 on eitherside of the conductor 29 and the strip 31.

In assembling the parts, the lamp 1, is inserted through the bottom ofthe jacket, 9, until the top of the lamp comes in contact with clips37-37 at the top of extension 12 of the cooling jacket, whereupon themembers 2429 are clamped to the conductors 21 and 22, as indicated at 25and 30. Thereafter, the cover, 10, and the bottom, 11, are put intoplace and the apparatus is ready for operation.

In the operation of the device, the circulating medium is started andflows from inlet, 15, down into the portion, 13, of the cooling jacketaround the lamp, through the channel, 20, between the lenses 17 and 18,into the portion 12 of the cooling jacket and hence around the lamp tothe outlet 16, to the cooling source. The lamp is now started intooperation by tilting the outfit so that the mercury of the electrode 3makes and breaks contact with the electrode 2, whereupon an arc isformed between the electrodes 2 and 3, as is now well understood in theart. At the instant of starting because of the low temperature in thelamp, the voltage drop across it is low and the circuit is controlledprincipally by the stabilizing resistance in the auxiliary devices usualto such lamps. The initial current is necessarily high and thetemperature of the mercury electrode 3 rises rapidly, raising the vaporpressure of the mercury in the lam which raises the arc voltage. Thisbuil ing up process continues until such time as the temperature in thelamp establishes uilibrium withthe cooling members. T is equilibriumtemperature for given energy input is determined by the relative areasof the portions12 and 13 and the electrode porextensions thereof antions of the lamp that are in close proximity. It is thus obvious thatthe volt ampere characteristic is controlled by the temperatureequilibrium at the point of greatest heat transfer. It follows from theforegoing, then, that the operation of the outfit for any given set ofconditions may be controlled and varied by varying the cooling effect ofthe circulating medium or through varying the electrical regulatingdevices in the auxiliary mechanism of the lamp but principally throughvarying the ease of heat trans fer from the wall of the lamp in theneighborhood of one of the electrodes to the cooling chamber since thelatter is the most sensitive it is preferred and for any given settingof the lamp and its control mechanism we vary the volt amperecharacteristic of the lamp by varying the rate of heat transfer at thenegative electrode.

The radiations from the lamp, 1, to be utilized either in therapy or ingeneral illumination pass through the lenses, 17 and '18, with the waterbetween them which serves to cool the lenses and to take out the radiantenergy which the cooling medium may absorb, although it will beunderstood that the heat rays may also be utilized for useful purposesin which case the cooling medium must be selected that is transparent tothe said rays. This latter, of course, is a matter of design andselection well within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

While I have illustrated and described my invention in connection with awater cooled outfit, it is to be understood that it applies equally wellfor the larger sizes of quartz lamps now on the market and is adapted touse in connection with lamps having liquid electrodes or a solidelectrode and a liquid electrode or with lamps having only solidelectrodes, and is applicable to lamps of the air cooled type shown anddescribed in the patents issued on inventions of William A. D. Evans,1,303,273-274, dated May 13th, 1919, and particularly to the control oflamps in the air cooled outfits where the cooling portion, 13, andcontrol valves such as valve 40 in pipe 15 in the inlet or the outletpipes 15 and 16 for said chamber and the adjustable sleeve, 14, areapplied only to the anode wall or the cathode wall of an .air cooledlamp for controlling the volt ampere characteristic of such a lampgenerally and particularly in a therapeutic outfit.

I claim as my invention:

1. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in said jacket, extensionsof said jacket in proximity to the terminal portions of sa1d lamp, meansfor circulating a coolin medium through the jacket and the means in saidcirculating means for varying the rate of flow of said cooling medium.

2. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a

lamp in said jacket, portions of said jacket being in proxlmity to theterminal portions of said lamp, and means for circulating a coolingmedium through said jacket.

3. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in said jacket, and inoperative relation to said jacket, and means for circulating a coolingmedium through said jacket to control the volt ampere characteristic ofsaid lamp.

4. A lamp outfit comprising a jacket, a lamp in said jacket, and inoperative relation to said jacket, and means forcirculating a coolingmedium through said jacket to control the volt ampere characteristic ofsaid lamp and means in said circulating in said casing in operativerelation to said l-mp, means for circulating a cooling medium throughthe Water jacket and means in said circulating means for varying therate of flow of said cooling medium for varying the operatingcharacteristics of the lamp by varying the-rate of heat transfer fromthe lamp.

Signed at Hoboken in the countyof Hudson and State of New Jersey this19th day of July, A. D. 1922.

ROY D. MAILEY.

